To improve the testing efficiency of 3D NoC, a variable weight time Petri net model was established in combination with the characteristics of 3D NoC test. The weight of the algorithm was related to the transition delay. Meanwhile, the Petri net given the dynamic transition. On this basis, we planned the scheme by taking transition firing sequences as parallel test tasks of IP cores, and used the improved bat algorithm based on the simplified bat location update equation to solve this model. The rules of bat location update were integrated into the Petri net evolution rules to simplify the reasoning process, avoid the algorithm premature and improve the convergence rate. The ITC’02 test benchmarks were used as the experimental objects. The simulation results show that the 3D NoC test planning problem can be effectively described in this proposed model, and 13.9% of the test time optimal rate and improved test efficiency can be obtained.