As the key equipment of high-speed railway train ground communication, the accuracy of balise information transmission directly affects the safe and efficient running of trains. In order to study the influence of train speed and balise tilting, pitching and yawing angular deviation on its transmission performance, the working principle of balise transmission system is analyzed according to its working process, and a dynamic model of BTM antenna receiving up-link signal and a theoretical model of balise angular deviation are established. Calculate the magnetic flux passing through the BTM antenna and the induced electromotive force of the BTM receiving antenna, simulate the amplitude curve of the induced electromotive force of the BTM receiving coil under different train speeds and balise installation angular deviation, and calculate and analyze the changes of the balise contact length, BTM operating time, receiving bits and other performance indicators under the above conditions. The research shows that: The contact length of balise decreases with the increase of the train speed. For every 50 km/ h increase in speed, the magnetic field intensity in the contact zone of balise decreases by 0. 2 dB. The BTM operating time, the number of dynamic receiving bits, and the number of safe frames of dynamic receiving telegram are inversely proportional to the train speed. When the train speed is constant, the number of dynamic receiving bits of BTM decreases linearly with the increase of balise tilt angle and yaw angle. In the process of on-site construction and maintenance, we should focus on checking the transponder tilt deflection. Under the condition of meeting the bit error rate of BTM received message, the applicable speed limit of the current transponder transmission system is 420 km/ h.