In the fields of remote sensing mapping, explosion field testing and logistics security, it is often necessary to measure twodimensional temperature field information with high precision. Due to the large measurement area or limited monitoring equipment, temperature field measurement accuracy and resolution are often low. Therefore, this paper proposes a two-dimensional temperature field compression and reconstruction method combining compressive sensing and piecewise Hermite interpolation theory. Firstly, the temperature field is undersampled randomly. Secondly, the sampling results are interpolated by Hermite interpolation to improve the sampling rate. Finally, the interpolation results are used to reconstruct by OMP with high probability. This method can effectively reduce the number of measuring points in two-dimensional temperature field measurement. The experimental results indicate that the reconstruction error of two-dimensional temperature field is no more than 6. 5% when the compression rate is 75%.