Aiming at the shortcomings of the traditional translational scanning detection system, a three-dimensional detection and reconstruction system based on rotating scanning line structured light and the corresponding system parameter calibration method are proposed, and a point cloud data acquisition model is established. The measured object makes a relative movement with linear structured light by rotation, and a two-dimensional image of the external surface of the measured object is obtained. The system calibration obtains the conversion relationship between the coordinates of the image and the coordinates of the world, and obtains the information of threedimensional coordinates and numerical model of the measured object. It can be seen from the experiment that the calibration accuracy of the camera is 0. 2 mm, and the accuracy of the principle prototype for object measurement is 0. 1 mm. Experiments prove that the system has high detection accuracy and feasibility.