Aiming at the problems of difficult selection of criteria and threshold setting for series arc fault detection, this paper proposes a voltage and current energy information fusion method for AC arc fault detection based on the traditional current detection method by integrating the use of voltage information. Based on the analysis of the respective fault characteristics of switching power supply and non-switching power supply loads, a direct determination method of Arc fault of switching power supply using the total voltage halfwave energy is proposed, and the fault line is selected based on the correlation of voltage and current characteristic energy waveform. A fault detection method suitable for non-switching power supply loads is proposed based on the phase matching of maximum instantaneous characteristic energy of voltage and current in the sensitive domain. The criterion is constructed with characteristic energy phase information, and the difficulty of threshold setting in traditional detection methods is overcome. Although the detection method in this paper uses the idea of load classification, it is not necessary to identify the type of load in practical application because the fault detection under switching power supply loads can be directly determined by using the total energy amplitude of the voltage half-wave to determine the fault directly. Compared to traditional detection methods based on current characteristics, this method has the advantages of simple criteria and easy threshold setting. Experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method in detecting arc faults in various load types, with detection time meeting industry standards.