In order to solve the problem of low resolution and poor estimation accuracy of direction of arrival (DOA) when the number of microphones is small, so that designing an effective sound source localization system, this paper deeply studies and optimizes the MUSIC algorithm. The generalized cross-correlation is used to estimate the time difference between the sound source signals reaching each microphone, and building the corresponding vector signal. Finally, the DOA estimation value is determined by calculating the spectral function. The simulation and experimental results show that the optimized MUSIC algorithm can get sharper directional beam, lower sidelobe, and the positioning accuracy of azimuth angle can reach ±4° and elevation angle can reach ±5° respectively.