| 杨海马,胡祥磊,刘瑾,张大伟,路千.便携式超细电子内镜成像系统设计[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2025,39(10):22-31 |
| 便携式超细电子内镜成像系统设计 |
| Design of a portable ultrafine electron endoscopy imaging system |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: STM32F407IGT6 便携式超细电子内窥镜 OV6946 图像处理 |
| 英文关键词:STM32F407IGT6 portable ultrafine electronic endoscope OV6946 image processing |
| 基金项目:中科院空间主动光电技术重点实验室开放基金(2021ZDKF4) 、上海市科委科技创新行动计划(22DZ1201300) 、上海市浦江人才计划(23PJD067)、上海市科委科技创新行动计划(22S31903700，21S31904200)项目资助 |
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| Author | Institution |
| Yang Haima | 1.School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China;
2.Key Laboratory of Space Active Opto-Electronics Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China |
| Hu Xianglei | School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China |
| Liu Jin | School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China |
| Zhang Dawei | School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China |
| Lu Qian | School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 针对医疗领域狭小空间内高质量成像的需求，设计了一种基于STM32F407IGT6微控制器的便携式超细电子内窥镜系统。该系统采用OV6946摄像头模组采集图像，并通过OV426桥接芯片将模拟信号转换为数字信号，利用USB接口将图像数据传输至上位机。上位机基于LabVIEW平台，噪声滤波、RAW色彩还原及改进型CLAHE算法，显著提升了图像质量。实验中，通过去噪处理后，图像的峰值信噪比（PSNR）达到37.65 dB，结构相似度（SSIM）为0.970 8，去噪效果良好，图像保留了较高的细节和结构相似性；通过图像增强，局部对比度由3.32提升至13.16，平均梯度由7.08提升至28.05，表现出显著的血管区域对比度和清晰度提升。系统实时处理帧率在30 fps，处理延时为33 ms，能够满足医疗诊断中对高实时性和高质量图像的要求。硬件设计上，系统的体积和重量相较于传统设备显著减小，增强了便携性与操作灵活性。实验结果表明，系统在成像质量、实时性和便携性方面表现出色，能够有效辅助临床诊断，提高医疗操作的精准度与效率，具有广泛的临床应用前景。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| A portable ultrafine electronic endoscope system based on the STM32F407IGT6 microcontroller has been developed to address the growing demand for high-quality imaging in narrow, confined spaces within the medical field. The system utilizes the OV6946 camera module for image acquisition, and the analog signals are converted to digital form through the OV426 bridge chip. Image data is then transmitted to the host computer via the USB interface. The host computer leverages the LabVIEW platform, integrating advanced image processing techniques, including vertical stripe noise filtering, RAW color restoration, and an improved contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization (CLAHE) algorithm, to enhance image quality significantly. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the denoising and image enhancement processes. After denoising, the peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) of the processed image reached 37.65 dB, with a structural similarity (SSIM) of 0.970 8, indicating minimal information loss and high structural integrity. Additionally, the image’s local contrast was improved from 3.32 to 13.16, and the average gradient increased from 7.08 to 28.05, which highlights a substantial enhancement in contrast and sharpness, particularly in the vascular regions. The system achieved a real-time processing frame rate of 30 frames per second, with a processing delay of 33 ms, satisfying the stringent requirements for high real-time performance and high-quality imaging in medical diagnostics. In terms of hardware design, the system’s compact size and reduced weight represent a significant improvement compared to traditional endoscopy systems, enhancing both portability and operational flexibility. The experimental results indicate that this system excels in terms of imaging quality, real-time performance, and portability. It offers promising potential to assist clinical diagnoses, improving the accuracy and efficiency of medical procedures. Moreover, the system shows broad applicability in clinical settings, particularly for endoscopic examinations in confined spaces such as the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts. |
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