| 刘明金,年夫顺,袁国平,张婷,张镕方.高速数据传输线测量与表征方法[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2025,39(4):95-104 |
| 高速数据传输线测量与表征方法 |
| Measurement and characterization methods forhigh-speed data transmission lines |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 高速数据传输线 多通道测量 S参数 眼图 |
| 英文关键词:high-speed data transmission lines multichannel measurement scatter parameter eye diagram |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（U24B6013）项目资助 |
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| Author | Institution |
| Liu Mingjin | School of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030000，China |
| Nian Fushun | 1.School of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030000，China;
2.Ceyear Technologies Co.Ltd., Qingdao 266000,China |
| Yuan Guoping | Ceyear Technologies Co.Ltd., Qingdao 266000,China |
| Zhang Ting | School of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030000，China |
| Zhang Rongfang | School of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030000，China |
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| 摘要点击次数: 42 |
| 全文下载次数: 72 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 随着高速数据传输线的传输速率不断提升，高速数字传输线的阻抗匹配和带宽问题不容忽视，如何利用微波电路工程师熟悉的S参数，来表征数字电路工程师熟悉的时域眼图，是测量工程师必须解决的问题。设计了一种高速数据传输线的测量表征方法，利用多端口矢量网络分析仪测量表征高速数据传输线的反射、传输和串扰特性，在微波电路工程师熟悉的S 参数和数字电路工程师熟悉的眼图之间建立直接对应关系。利用多端口矢量网络分析仪测量多通道数据传输线的频域S参数，进行傅里叶反变换，获得多通道数据传输线的时域反射、传输和串扰的冲激响应，并与理想的输入数字信号卷积，从而获得数字传输线对理想的输入数字信号的反射、传输和串扰信号，通过数字传输线的反射、传输和串扰数字信号眼图，就可以直观地表征数字传输线性能特性。以HDMI数据传输线频域与时域性能特性测量表征为应用场景，制作了HDMI数据传输线的测试夹具，对HDMI数据传输线的时域反射、传输和串扰眼图进行测量，并给出了实验结果。从实测的时域眼图可以看出，随着传输速率提高，HDMI数据传输线的传输质量变差，输出速率为5 Gb/s时域眼图比较清晰，数字传输线能够较好完成传输任务，数字传输速率为10 Gb/s时，时域眼图已经模糊不清，无法完成数字信号传输，验证了数据传输线测量表征方法的有效性和准确性。传统的数字存储示波器和取样示波器眼图测量，需分别测量输入和输出眼图，人工进行比对，判断传输线的信号传输质量。该测量表征方法，直接测量数字传输线的反射、传输和串扰眼图，直接反映传输线的信号传输质量，解决了高速数字传输线测量表征难题，对高速数字通信、算力网络、移动通信等领域的数字传输测量表征有重要意义。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| With the continuous increase in the transmission rate of high-speed data transmission lines, how to use the S parameters familiar to microwave circuit engineers to characterize the time-domain eye diagrams familiar to digital circuit engineers has become a problem that measurement engineers must solve in the context of impedance matching and bandwidth issues for high-speed digital transmission lines. This paper designs a measurement and characterization method for high-speed data transmission lines, which uses a multi-port vector network analyzer to measure and characterize the transmission characteristics of high-speed data transmission lines, establishing a direct correspondence between the S parameters familiar to microwave circuit engineers and the eye diagrams familiar to digital circuit engineers. By using a multi-port vector network analyzer to measure the frequency-domain S parameters of multi-channel data transmission lines, including the reflection S parameters, transmission S parameters, and crosstalk S parameters of the data transmission lines, the frequency-domain modeling of multi-channel data transmission lines is achieved. Through the inverse Fourier transform of the frequency-domain reflection S parameters, transmission S parameters, and crosstalk S parameters of multi-channel data transmission lines, the time-domain reflection, transmission, and crosstalk impulse responses of multi-channel data transmission lines are obtained. Assuming that an ideal error-free digital signal is input to a non ideal multi-channel data transmission line, the output digital signal of the multi-channel data transmission line can be obtained through the convolution of the input digital signal and the impulse response, thereby obtaining the eye diagram familiar to digital circuit engineers and achieving the time-domain modeling of multi-channel data transmission lines.Taking the frequency domain and time domain performance characteristic measurement and characterization of HDMI data transmission lines as the application scenario, a test fixture for HDMI data transmission lines was fabricated. The time domain reflection, transmission and crosstalk eye diagrams of HDMI data transmission lines were measured, and the experimental results were presented. From the measured time domain eye diagrams, it can be seen that as the transmission rate increases, the transmission quality of HDMI data transmission lines deteriorates. When the output rate is 5 Gb/s, the time domain eye diagram is relatively clear, and the digital transmission line can complete the transmission task well. When the digital transmission rate is 10 Gb/s, the time domain eye diagram is already blurred and unclear, and cannot complete the digital signal transmission. This verifies the effectiveness and accuracy of the data transmission line measurement and characterization method. The traditional eye diagram measurement of digital storage oscilloscopes and sampling oscilloscopes requires separate measurements of the input and output eye diagrams, followed by manual comparison to determine the signal transmission quality of the transmission line. The measurement and characterization method proposed in this paper directly measures the reflection, transmission, and crosstalk eye diagrams of digital transmission lines, directly reflecting the signal transmission quality of the transmission line. This solves the measurement and characterization difficulties of high-speed digital transmission lines and is of great significance for the measurement and characterization of digital transmission in fields such as high-speed digital communication, computing power networks, and mobile communication. |
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