| 徐晓,姜涛,靳超,高杰,吕炎,何存富.基于超声波的高强螺栓轴力检测技术研究[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2024,38(12):163-172 |
| 基于超声波的高强螺栓轴力检测技术研究 |
| Research on ultrasonic-based axial force detectiontechnology for high-strength bolts |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 高强螺栓 声弹性效应 应力状态 互相关算法 轴力检测 超声法 扭矩法 |
| 英文关键词:high-strength bolts acoustoelastic effect stress state cross-correlation algorithm axial force detection ultrasonic method torque method |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（52235012）项目资助 |
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| Author | Institution |
| Xu Xiao | China Classification Society Industrial Co., Ltd., Beijing 100124，China |
| Jiang Tao | School of Mechanical and Energy Engineering,
Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124，China |
| Jin Chao | China Classification Society Industrial Co., Ltd., Beijing 100124，China |
| Gao Jie | School of Information Science
and Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124，China |
| Lyu Yan | School of Information Science
and Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124，China |
| He Cunfu | School of Information Science
and Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124，China |
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| 摘要点击次数: 312 |
| 全文下载次数: 234 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 高强螺栓作为关键零部件，广泛应用于悬索桥、风电塔筒等重要结构中，其安装质量对整体结构的稳定性和安全性具有至关重要的影响。然而，传统的扭矩法难以准确测量螺栓的轴向预紧力，从而难以有效评估结构的稳定性。为解决这一问题，基于声弹性效应，设计了高压激励和压控增益等电路，研制了一套螺栓轴力检测系统。系统通过激励压电传感器接收回波信号，并采用互相关算法计算渡越时间差以表征螺栓的应力状态，最后对风电螺栓进行了应力 渡越时间标定实验及超声法与扭矩法的对比实验。实验结果表明，当螺栓轴向预紧力达到其额定值的40%时，该系统的应力测量误差率≤2.81%，且分辨率可达0.250 7 kN，能够有效满足螺栓轴向预紧力的测量要求。与传统扭矩法相比，超声法在螺栓服役状态下的应力测量误差控制与分辨率均具有显著优势，为工业领域关键部件的应力测量提供了可靠的技术方案。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| High-tensile bolts are critical components in key structures such as suspension bridges and wind turbine towers, where the quality of their installation significantly impacts the stability and safety of the entire structure. However, traditional torque methods struggle to accurately measure the axial preload of bolts, making it difficult to assess structural stability effectively. To address this issue, a bolt axial force detection system was developed based on the Acoustoelastic effect, incorporating circuits such as high-voltage excitation and voltage-controlled gain. The system detects echo signals through an excitation piezoelectric sensor and utilizes a cross-correlation algorithm to calculate the time-of-flight difference, which reflects the stress state of the bolt. Stress-transition time calibration experiments were conducted, along with comparative testing between the ultrasonic and torque methods for wind power bolts. The experimental results indicate that when the axial preload of a bolt reaches 40% of its rated value, the system achieves a stress measurement error rate of ≤2.81%, with a resolution of up to 0.250 7 kN. This meets the requirements for accurate axial preload measurement. Compared with the traditional torque method, the ultrasonic approach demonstrates a clear advantage in reducing measurement error and improving resolution during bolt service, offering a reliable technical solution for stress measurement in industrial applications. |
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