| 俞浙君,刘璐,高子博,孔明.磁定位系统中传感器阵列布局优化研究[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2024,38(11):219-227 |
| 磁定位系统中传感器阵列布局优化研究 |
| Optimization of the sensor array layout for magnetic positioning system |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 磁定位技术 布局优化 遗传算法 有限元仿真 |
| 英文关键词:magnetic positioning technology layout optimization genetic algorithms finite element simulation |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金青年项目（12202428）资助 |
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| Author | Institution |
| Yu Zhejun | School of Metrology Measurement and Instrument, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018,China |
| Liu Lu | School of Metrology Measurement and Instrument, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018,China |
| Gao Zibo | School of Metrology Measurement and Instrument, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018,China |
| Kong Ming | School of Metrology Measurement and Instrument, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018,China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目前关于磁定位系统的传感器阵列布局研究主要围绕传感器数量和间距展开，相关研究中传感器阵列布局一般采用均匀分布的方式，并未深入研究传感器阵列空间设计对系统定位精度的影响。针对磁定位系统中传感器阵列非均匀分布研究，提出了一种基于遗传算法结合有限元仿真的优化方法，该方法能够根据特定的永磁体运动轨迹确定对应的最优传感器布局。首先，建立仿真模型进行磁定位过程的数值模拟，通过遗传算法优化得到了每个目标运动轨迹对应的传感器阵列布局。其次，在仿真优化的基础上，设计并搭建了可自由调整磁传感器安装位置的磁定位系统实验台。最后，在5个特定的永磁体运动轨迹下，分别对采用传感器均匀分布与优化后非均匀分布的磁定位系统进行了对比实验，以布局5为例，优化布局后的磁定位系统平均定位误差比优化前减小了14.3%，平均定向误差比优化前减小了16.3%。结果表明均匀分布的传感器阵列并非最佳的布局方案，优化传感器阵列布局能够有效提高系统定位及定向精度。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Current research on sensor array layout in magnetic positioning systems primarily focuses on quantity and spacing. In related research, the sensor array layout is typically evenly distributed, with limited investigation into the impact of spatial design on system positioning accuracy. Addressing the non-uniform distribution of sensor arrays in magnetic localization systems, this paper proposes an optimization method combining genetic algorithms with finite element simulations. This method determines the optimal sensor layout based on specific trajectories of magnetic targets. Firstly, a simulation model was established for numerical simulation of the magnetic positioning process, and the sensor array layout corresponding to the motion trajectory of each target was optimized by genetic algorithms. Secondly, based on the simulation optimization, an experimental platform for magnetic positioning systems with adjustable sensor installation positions was designed and constructed. Finally, comparative experiments were conducted on five specific magnetic target trajectories using both uniformly distributed and optimized non-uniformly distributed sensor layouts. For example, under trajectory five, the average positioning error of the optimized layout is reduced by 14.3% compared to the pre-optimization layout, and the average orientation error is reduced by 16.3%. The results indicate that uniformly distributed sensor array is not the optimal layout, and optimizing sensor array layout can effectively improve system localization and orientation accuracy. |
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