| 咸日常,郑小刚,李嘉洋,张海强,赵如杰,胡玉耀.变压器绕组匝间短路与低压侧出口短路的电磁力特征对比分析[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2024,38(8):160-168 |
| 变压器绕组匝间短路与低压侧出口短路的电磁力特征对比分析 |
| Comparative analysis of the electromagnetic force characteristics ofinter-turn short circuits and low-voltage side outletshort circuits in transformer windings |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 变压器 匝间短路 出口短路 电磁暂态 绕组电动力 |
| 英文关键词:transformer inter-turn short circuit output short circuit electromagnetic transient winding electrodynamics |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（51907109）项目资助 |
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| Author | Institution |
| Xian Richang | College of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China |
| Zheng Xiaogang | College of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China |
| Li Jiayang | College of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China |
| Zhang Haiqiang | Zibo Power Supply Company, State Grid Shandong Electric Power Company, Zibo 255000, China; |
| Zhao Rujie | Shandong Huineng Electric Co., Ltd., Zibo 255000, China |
| Hu Yuyao | College of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 电力变压器作为电网的关键设备，其绕组绝缘状态直接关系到电网运行安全性和供电可靠性，一旦低压侧出口短路极易引起绕组匝间绝缘损伤，进而发生绕组匝间短路故障。为进一步研究变压器绕组匝间短路和低压侧出口短路故障的暂态过程，探寻绕组发热、受力薄弱环节，揭示绕组绝缘故障形成和发展机理，通过建立与实际结构尺寸相同的变压器电-磁-力耦合模型，在开展绕组单匝匝间短路试验的前提下，利用有限元仿真软件，呈现绕组在不同工况下的电磁暂态过程，对比分析绕组电动力分布特征，探究不同故障工况对绕组绝缘的影响规律。结果表明：变压器绕组匝间短路故障时短路匝电流明显高于三相出口短路电流，与额定负载工况对比，变压器在绕组匝间短路和低压出口故障时，流经短路匝和绕组的电流最大值分别增大5 318%和3 314%，空间磁场强度最大值分别增大1 511%和2 111%，绕组线匝电磁力密度最大值分别增大5 210%和11 489%；变压器绕组匝间短路故障极易烧毁绕组绝缘，三相出口短路故障易引起绕组的失稳变形、绝缘劣化。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Power transformers are critical components of the electrical grid, and the insulation status of their windings is directly linked to the operational safety and reliability of power supply. Short circuits at the low-voltage side outlets can easily damage the inter-turn insulation, leading to inter-turn short circuit faults in the windings. To further study the transient processes of inter-turn short circuits and low-voltage side outlet short circuits in transformer windings, this research investigates the weak links in heat generation and mechanical stresses, and elucidates the mechanisms of insulation failure development. An electromagnetic-force coupled model, congruent with the actual structural dimensions of the transformer, was developed. Utilizing finite element simulation software, the electromagnetic transient processes of the windings under various operational conditions were examined. A comparative analysis of the electromagnetic force distribution characteristics was conducted to explore the influence of different fault conditions on winding insulation. The results indicate that during inter-turn short circuit faults in transformer windings, the current in the short-circuited turn significantly exceeds that in three-phase outlet short circuits. Compared to normal load conditions, the peak currents through the short-circuited turns and overall windings increased by 5 318% and 3 314%, respectively; the maximum magnetic field intensity rose by 1 511% and 2 111%, and the peak electromagnetic force density on the winding turns surged by 5 210% and 11 489%. Inter-turn short circuit faults in transformer windings are likely to severely damage the insulation, whereas three-phase outlet short circuits can lead to unstable deformations and degradation of insulation. |
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