电子测量与仪器学报

王俊琴,张爱华,祁靖,朱亮.柔性叉指电容式焊条湿度无损检测方法[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2023,37(1):157-166

柔性叉指电容式焊条湿度无损检测方法

Non-destructive testing method for humidity offlexible interdigital capacitive electrode

DOI：10.13382/j.issn.1000-7105.2023.01.018

英文关键词:interdigital capacitive welding rod humidity dielectric constant finite element simulation genetic algorithm

基金项目:国家自然科学基金(62173170)项目资助

作者	单位
王俊琴	1. 兰州理工大学电气工程与信息工程学院
张爱华	1. 兰州理工大学电气工程与信息工程学院，2. 甘肃省工业过程先进控制重点实验室
祁靖	1. 兰州理工大学电气工程与信息工程学院
朱亮	3. 兰州理工大学材料科学与工程学院

Author	Institution
Wang Junqin	1. College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology
Zhang Aihua	1. College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology，2. Key Experiment of Gansu Advanced Control for Industrial Process
Qi Jing	1. College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology
Zhu Liang	3. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology

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中文摘要:

焊条湿度过高会导致焊接中产生气泡、气孔等明显的质量问题。为满足焊条湿度的现场无损检测,提出一种柔性叉指电容式焊条湿度检测方法。首先,以新型柔性叉指电容式传感器为基础,建立有限元模型,研究叉指电极结构参数对传感器性能的影响;然后,利用 BP 神经网络和遗传算法对叉指电容式焊条湿度传感器的结构进行参数优化,得到湿度传感器最优的设计方案;最后,设计 U 型弹性机构起到完全包裹焊条的作用,完成 J507 和 J607 焊条湿度检测实验和标定实验。仿真与实验结果表明,叉指电极结构参数为最优时,传感器检测深度约为 1. 4 mm(小于焊条药皮厚度),焊条湿度值与电容值拟合优度达到 0. 98。本方法对湿度值在 0. 117% ~ 2. 5%的焊条具有良好的检测能力,为实现焊条湿度的现场、无损检测技术提供了新思路, 有助于避免焊接过程中产生焊接缺陷。

英文摘要:

High humidity in the welding rod can lead to obvious quality problems such as bubbles and porosity in the weld. In order to meet the non-destructive detection of welding rod humidity in the field, a flexible interdigital capacitive rod humidity detection method is proposed. Firstly, a finite element model was established based on the new flexible interdigital capacitive sensor to study the influence of the structural parameters of the interdigital electrode on the sensor performance. Then, the parameters of the structure of the interdigital capacitive welding rod humidity sensor were optimized using BP neural network and genetic algorithm, and the optimal design of the humidity sensor was obtained. Finally, the U-shaped elastic mechanism was designed to completely wrap the welding rod and complete the humidity testing and calibration experiments for J507 and J607 welding rods. The simulation and experimental results show that the sensor detection depth is about 1. 4 mm (less than the thickness of the electrode flux) when the structural parameters of the interdigital electrode are optimal, and the goodness of fit of the electrode humidity value to the capacitance value reaches 0. 98. This method has good detection capability for welding rods with humidity values in the range of 0. 117% to 2. 5%, which provides a new idea for realizing on-site, nondestructive detection technology of welding rod humidity and helps to avoid welding defects during the welding process.

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