电子测量与仪器学报

宋锡文,董业鹏,杨世飞.基于FPGA的振动信号处理参数寻优试验研究[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2021,35(2):101-108

基于FPGA的振动信号处理参数寻优试验研究

Experimental study of optimal parameters in vibration signal processing using FPGA

DOI：

英文关键词:signal processing Butterworth filtering peak detection integration in frequency domain

基金项目:

作者	单位
宋锡文	1.南京邮电大学南京210046
董业鹏	2.南京凯奥思数据技术有限公司南京210012；
杨世飞	2.南京凯奥思数据技术有限公司南京210012；3.东南大学机械工程学院南京210096

Author	Institution
Song Xiwen	1Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210046, China
Dong Yepeng	2Chaos Data Technology, Nanjing 210012, China；
Yang Shifei	2Chaos Data Technology, Nanjing 210012, China； 3School of Mechnical and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210008, China

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中文摘要:

可编程逻辑控制(field programmable gate array, FPGA) 既具有硬件电路的运算速度和稳定性，又具有软件的可编程和灵活性，可进行多通路的高速并行快速傅里叶变换。因此，FPGA在工业设备在线监测、振动信号处理和边缘计算中获得越来越多的应用。为了充分利用FPGA的性能，提高FPGA的计算精度，使用转子实验台和基于FPGA的振动监测设备，对影响振动结果准确性的关键运算步骤进行试验研究，寻找振动信号采集和处理过程中的信号滤波、数字积分、峰值检测等关键步骤的最优参数配置。结果表明，积分截止频率的大小会极大影响积分的效果，应该根据设备的转速合理设置截止频率提高积分效果；加入带通4阶巴特沃斯滤波能够消除高频噪声的影响，提高采集信号峰值的稳定性；模拟电容充放电计算信号峰值灵敏度适中，适合计算存在“毛刺”的原始信号峰值，结果可以用于设备振动保护；1 s的峰峰值灵敏度较高，适合设备的预警检测，发现设备的早期故障，而4个旋转周期峰峰值灵敏度较低，且不易实现。

英文摘要:

FPGA is a programmable logic controller, which not only has the operating speed and stability of hardware circuits, but also has the programmability and flexibility of software. FPGA can easily perform multi channel high speed parallel fast Fourier transform. Therefore, FPGA becomes more and more popular in online condition monitoring, vibration signal processing and edge computing. In order to make full use of the computation power of FPGA, as well as improve the accuracy in signal processing, this paper uses a rotor system and FPGA based vibration monitoring device to experimentally study the key steps that affect the accuracy of the vibration signal processing, in order to find the optimal parameters for filtering, digital integration, and peak detection. The results show that the integration cutoff frequency greatly affects integrated velocity. The cutoff frequency should be set reasonably according to the speed of the equipment to improve the acquired RMS value. Implementing a band pass 4th order Butterworth filter can eliminate the influence of high frequency noise and improve the stability of vibration peaks. Calculated peaks from an analog capacitor charge and discharge algorithm is stable, which is suitable for calculating the original signal peaks with “burrs”. It can be used for vibration protection. The one second peak to peak value is very sensitive, which is suitable for early warning/fault detection.

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